The following are different ways you can format your in-text citations:
Author’s name in text (page number):
According to Cuno, “for years, archaeologists have lobbied for national and international laws, treaties, and conventions to prohibit the international movement of antiquities” (1).
Author’s name in reference (page number):
The argument runs that, “the term 'Czechoslovak' had become a rich source of contention almost immediately after the state's formation” (Innes 16).
No known author:
A similar study was done of students learning to format a research paper ("MLA In-Text Citations").
Note: Use an abbreviated version of the title of the page in quotation marks to substitute for the name of the author
Citing authors with same last names, provide the first initial:
Although some medical ethicists claim that cloning will lead to designer children (R. Miller 12), others note that the advantages for medical research outweigh this consideration (A. Miller 46).
Author’s name in text (no page number):
Cassell and Jenkins compared reaction times. . . .
Author’s name in reference (no page number):
In a recent study of reaction times (Cassell & Jenkins). . .
Note: If the source does not have page numbers, but explicitly labels its paragraphs or sections, you can give that number instead with the appropriate abbreviation. For example, (Lee, par. 2). When a source has no page number or not other kind of numbering, do not give a page number in the parathesis. Do not count paragraphs if they are not numbered.
| Journal Article from a Library Database |
Format: Last name, First name Middle name or initial. “Title of Article.” Title of Journal, volume number (vol.), issue number (no.), Publication Date (day month year), pages of article (pp.). Database, Location (URL/DOI).
Example: Welton, Sharon Aronofsky. “Investigating Early Film and the Nineteenth-CenturyTheatre.” Nineteenth Century Theatre & Film, vol. 42, no. 2, Nov. 2015, pp. 119-123. Literary Reference Center Plus, DOI: 10.1177/1748372716672220.
In-Text Citation: (Welton 120) |
| Online Journal Article |
Format: Last name, First name Middle name or initial. “Title of Article.” Title of Journal, volume number (vol.), issue number (no.), Publication Date (day month year), Location (URL). Access Date (day month year) (optional).
Example: Clark, John. “Hamaya Hiroshi (1915-1999) and Photographic Modernism in Japan.” Trans Asia Photography Review, vol. 7, no. 1, Fall 2016, http://quod.lib.umich.edu/t/tap/7977573.0007.102?view=text;rgn=main. Accessed 17 Dec. 2017.
In-Text Citation: (Clark) |
| Print Journal Article |
Format: Last name, First name Middle name or initial. “Title of Article.” Title of Journal, volume number (vol.), issue number (no.), Publication Date (day month year), pages (pp.).
Example: Lawler, Daniel O. “The Business of School: Economic Models of Assessment.” The English Journal, vol. 103, no. 1, Sept. 2013, pp. 40-47.
In-Text Citation: (Lawler 42) |
| Online Magazine Article |
Format: Last name, First name Middle name or initial. “Title of Article.” Title of Magazine, Publication Date (day month year), Location (URL).
Example: Kissel, Kelly P. “Arkansas Wants to Begin a Series of Executions Before a Key Lethal Injection Sedative Expires.” Time, 16 Apr. 2017, www.time.com/4742063/arkansas-lethal-injection-executions-midazolam/?xid=homepage.
In-Text Citation: (Kissel) |
| Print Magazine Article |
Format: Last name, First name Middle name or initial. “Title of Article.” Title of Magazine, Publication Date (day month year), pages (pp.).
Example: Schreier, Lise. “The Adventures of Good Girls: Drawing French Etiquette over the Haitian Revolution.” Transition: The Magazine of Africa and the Diaspora, pp. 50-65.
In-Text Citation: (Schreier 56) |
| Online Newspaper Article |
Format: Last name, First name Middle name or initial (if available). “Title of Article.” Title of Newspaper, Publication Date (day month year), Location (URL).
Example: “Russia, Google Reach $7.8 Million Settlement on Android Case.” WRAL, 17 Apr. 2017, www.wral.com/russia-google-reach-7-8-million-settlement-on-android-case/16648414/.
In-Text Citation: (“Russia”) |
| Print Newspaper Article |
Format: Last name, First name Middle name or initial (if available). “Title of Article.” Title of Newspaper, Publication Date (day month year), page(s).
Note: If the newspaper is less well-known or a local publication, include the city name in brackets after the title of the newspaper. i.e. Post and Courier [Charleston, SC]
Example: Seymour, Ron. “Riders Raise Thousands.” Daily Courier, 15 June 2015, p. A1.
In-Text Citation: (Seymour A1) |
| Book Review |
Format: Last Name, First Name. "Title of Review (if there is one)." Review of Book/Performance Title, by Author/Director/Artist. Title of Periodical, Publication date (Day Month Year), page. Example: Seitz, Matt Zoller. "Life in the Sprawling Suburbs, If You Can Really Call It Living." Review of Radiant City, directed by Gary Burns and Jim Brown, New York Times, 30 May 2007, p. E1. In-Text Citation: (Seitz E1) |